Adenocarcinoma is the most common type of rectal cancer and it affects the mucosal layer of the rectum. The rectal wall is comprised of several different layers and just like colon cancer, the prognosis and treatment options depend primarily on how deep the cancer has penetrated into the wall of the colon/rectum. The cancer can infect lymph nodes and other surrounding tissues and it can also spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system.

Some common symptoms of this type of cancer include a change in bowel habits, such as diarrhea and constipation. When eliminating stool, it may not feel like the bowel empties completely. The stool may have a dark or bright red color indicating blood in the stool. In addition, the stool may be narrower than usual.

The second symptom that is commonly seen on patients suffering from rectal cancer is the following - difficulty in passing the stool. As I had mentioned before, the uncontrolled growth of cells in the region will lead to the development of masses within the rectum. These masses will in turn obstruct the normal passage of stool.

Screening is looking for cancer before a person has any symptoms. This can help find cancer at an early stage. When abnormal tissue or cancer is found early, it may be easier to treat. By the time symptoms appear, cancer may have begun to spread. Scientists are trying to better understand which people are more likely to get certain types of cancer.

Bleeding into the intestine results in a low blood count or anemia. A symptom of anemia is lack of energy. In any unexplained anemia the diagnosis of colon cancer must be considered.

New onset constipation is another symptom. As the cancer grows it begins to block the intestine so stools cannot pass. With certain types of colon cancers, diarrhea can also be a symptom. Diarrhea that does not resolve in a few days must also be investigated.

The physician will be able to perform one or two tests to determine whether this cancer is present. The tests are the digital rectal exam and the PSA blood test. Both tests will be performed with minimal pain and discomfort to the patient, and results can either come immediately (with a digital rectal exam) or within a few days (with a PSA blood test).

A frequent cause is believed to be the presence of the adenomatous polyps in the rectum or the colon. Although largely benign; it displays a strong risk of development into cancer over the passage of time, with multiplication in risks with an increase in age. Patients who have a family account of a disease of this genre are more exposed to this menace.

A routine part of physical examination, digital rectal examination (DRE) examines the lower portion of the rectum for tumor and polyp growth. This test is done using a lubricated gloved finger inserted inside the rectum to feel for anomalous growths. This test is also capable in ascertaining prostate cancer in men.

The inner most lining of the rectum wall is called mucosa. It contains glands that contribute to the secretion of mucus that helps lubricate the passage of stool. When the cancer is pertaining to the mucosa of any organ it is termed as adenocarcinoma. Colon-rectal cancer falls in the category of adenocarcinoma cancers. In this case the cancerous cells are initially benign or harmless and stay localized.

Because prostate cancer symptoms can mimic other diseases or disorders, men who experience any of these symptoms should undergo a thorough work-up to determine the underlying cause of the symptoms. Additional symptoms that may be associated with this disease are bone pain or tenderness, and abdominal pain. Other symptoms might include unintentional weight loss and lethargy.

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